Temperature effects the mobility , conductivity,intrinsic concentration and forbidden energy gap of a semiconductor. Effect of temperature on semiconductor is given below : Mobility (µ) : The mobility means the movement of charge carriers. The mobility of intrinsic semiconductor decreases with increase in temperature because at higher temperature, the numbers of carriers are more and they are energetic also. This causes an… Read more →
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom( in valance band ). These electrons are weakly bound to the nucleus. These electrons are bounded to atom so that it can only be moved within valance band of the atom. However, free electron is not bounded, it can move anywhere inside the crystal.Free electrons are the electrons in metals… Read more →
An electron moving round the nucleus possesses two types of energies viz kinetic energy due to its motion and potential energy due to the change on nucleus .The total energy of the electron is the sum of these two energies . The energy of an electron increases as its distance from the nucleus increases . Thus an electron in the… Read more →
The main differences Between Crystalline and Amorphous Solids are given below : Crystalline Solids Amorphous Solids 1.Crystalline Solids have characteristic geometrical shape. 1.Ireular pattern of ions , molecules or atoms in a solid. 2.They have highly ordered three dimensional arrangements of particles. 2.Amorphous Solids particles are randomly arranged in three dimension. 3. They have sharp melting and boiling points. 3.They… Read more →
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.The electron configuration of silicon is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 ( Noble Gas notation : [Ne] 3s23p2 ) The average silicon atom has fourteen protons, fourteen electrons, and most have 14 neutrons. This picture does a good job at showing that there are fourteen protons (P) and fourteen neutrons (N)… Read more →
The electron configuration of each element is unique to its position on the periodic table.The energy level is determined by the period and the number of electrons is given by the atomic number of the element. Orbitals on different energy levels are similar to each other, but they occupy different areas in space. When writing an electron configuration, first write the energy level (the… Read more →
The limitations of Rutherford atomic model : 1. Inability to explain the stability of atom An atom consists of a small , heavy positively charged nucleus in the center and the electrons were moving around it. The model was compared with the solar system in which the planets were moving around the sun and continue to move in their fixed… Read more →
A British Physicist “Ernest Rutherford” proposed a model of the atomic structure known as Rutherford’s Model of Atoms. It is also called nuclear atom or planetary model of the atom. Rutherford’s Model of Atoms Rutherford proposed that an atom is composed of empty space mostly with electrons orbiting in a set, predictable paths around fixed, positively charged nucleus. It is also known as a watermelon mode, a… Read more →